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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To provide a hydrocarbon desulfurization method which can efficiently eliminate sulfur contained in a hydrocarbon by using a specific catalyst; and a fuel cell system. SOLUTION : A sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is brought into contact with (1) a catalyst prepared by causing Y-type zeolite to carry a rare earth element or its compound in an amount of 0.1-50 mass% in terms of element and (2) a catalyst containing a metal selected from nickel, zinc, and copper or its compound in an amount of 20 mass% or more in terms of metal element, thus reducing the sulfur content in the hydrocarbon to 0.1 mass ppm or lower. COPYRIGHT : (C)2004, JPO